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STAGE ONE: 1923-1941
Study and Inspiration
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| 1923: |
Katharine
Cook Briggs (1875-1968), a life-long student of human
behavior and growth, reads Psychological Types, The Psychology of Individuation by
Carl G. Jung, a Swiss psychologist. She realizes that she
has found the person who for her best understands
human behavior and its development and spends the rest of
her life studying his work and endeavoring to bring the benefits
of knowing his ideas out into the world.
Katharine Briggs, her scientist husband, Lyman, and their daughter Isabel, closely
observe people and their interactions through the lens of psychological type.
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STAGE TWO: 1942-1962
Construction/Research
Distressed by the sufferings and hostilities following
US entry into World War II, Isabel resolved to do something that
might help people understand each other and avoid conflict. She
determined to find a way to give individuals access to their
psychological type. Thus was born the idea of a type indicator.
This work became her mission for the rest of her life.
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| 1941-1943: |
Isabel and Katharine devised
a beginning structure and set out to develop questions which
would predict
a person's preferences. Form A was copyrighted in 1943.
This was pioneering work presenting a constant stream of problems
to be solved.
Over the years Isabel developed a series of Forms in her constant search for
increasingly
accurate prediction and more effective methods.
Parallel to her work on construction was her focus on research to validate both
the instrument and the theory. She persuaded heads of nursing schools, medical
schools, high schools, colleges, and businesses to administer her Indicator,
recorded the answers of thousands of respondents on 5 x 8-inch cards, and
performed the statistics sitting in the arm chair in her living room before her
typewriter
with her calculator by her side.
For twenty years she worked in relative isolation. The MBTI® gradually gained
the interest of a few assessment experts and users.
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STAGE THREE: 1962-1975
Publication
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| 1962: |
Educational Testing Service
(ETS) under the leadership of Henry C. Chauncey becomes the
publisher
of the MBTI®. Forms E and F were the current forms. Computer
scoring was used for the first time. A manual was published
but little else was done by ETS staff. The MBTI® remained a
research instrument and was never put into a publishers catalogue.
However, pockets of use developed around the country as practitioners happened
across it by accident, tried it, and found it useful.
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| 1968: |
Takeshi Ohsawa, a Japanese
industrial psychologist, receives permission to
translate and publish the MBTI® instrument for distribution
in Japan for use
in management and in suiting the worker to the job - the first
translation into another language.
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| 1969: |
Mary McCaulley, Professor
of Clinical Psychology at the University of Gainesville, FL
initiated a visit
with Isabel and a close collegial friendship is formed. They
started the Typology Lab in Mary's office to develop
scoring and a data bank for their joint research.
Intensive research and development continues. The pockets of use growth and increase
in number.
In 1975, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc. (now CPP,Inc) becomes the publisher
and the MBTI® instrument is for the first time accessible to qualified users
through
a publishers
catalogue.
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STAGE
FOUR: 1975-1985 Growth
The contract with CPP, Inc. in 1975 marks the beginning of the phenomenal rise
in use of the MBTI® instrument until it is now the most widely used personality
inventory
in the world.
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| 1975: |
The Typology Lab becomes
the non-profit Center for Application of Psychological Type
(CAPT). It is the center for research, data collection, information,
training, and publications. It is the home of the Isabel B.
Myers Library.
First International Conference
held at CAPT. Held bi-annually thereafter.
Major revisions: a standardization of Form F and a new Form G
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| 1979: |
Association for Psychological
Type (APT) is formed at second Conference held in Philadelphia.
Katharine D. Myers is the founding president.
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| 1979: |
First issue of the MBTI®
research journal, Journal of
Psychological Type, is published. The Journal
was conceived and implemented by Tom Carskadon, Professor of
Psychology at Mississippi State. It is still being edited
and published by Carskadon.
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| 1980: |
Death of Isabel Myers.
Peter and Katharine Myers become co-guardians
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| 1982: |
First publisher approved Qualifying
Program. There are now 8 U.S. licensed providers.
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| 1989: |
Publication
of Form K introducing insight into individual differences within
type. Manual: MBTI® Expanded Analysis
Report (EAR) by David Saunders.
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STAGE FIVE: 1985
to present Market Leadership
Major Revisions:
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| 1985: |
Manual:
A Guide to the Development and Use of the
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Myers and McCaulley
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| 1996: |
MBTI® Applications,
A Decade of Research, Editor: Allen
L. Hammer
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| 1998: |
Major revision of Form G. New form M
MBTI® Manual,
Myers, McCaulley, Quenk, Hammer, Majors. Dedicated to a Tradition
of Change. The manual incorporates
13 years of research and practitioner experience and reinforces the roots
of MBTI® in the psychological type theory of Carl G. Jung.
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2001:
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Development of Form Q. Revision
of Form K using the new psychometric methods adopted in Form
M. Introduction of
Step II, an expansion of the EAR. MBTI® Step
II Manual by Quenk, Hammer, and Majors.
Major Developments:
• Expansion of APT members
• Expansion of applications, materials, reports, and training materials
• Expansion of Qualifying Program providers
• Growth in business market
• Growth in international market
• Development of Regional Consultant Services
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STAGE SIX: Future
- Keeping at the Cutting Edge
 KEEP
IN TOUCH WITH WHAT'S NEW IN TYPE?
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